微軟聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人比爾蓋茲最近接受了 OpenAI 執(zhí)行長薩姆奧爾特曼的採訪，深入探討了人工智慧 (AI) 的快速崛起及其深遠影響。在坦誠的討論中，他們探討了人工智慧消除工作崗位的潛力、工作的演變以及未來的挑戰(zhàn)。
人工智慧的顛覆性潛力
在人工智慧以前所未有的速度發(fā)展的世界中，蓋茲和奧特曼一致認為，人工智慧有可能消除我們今天所知的工作。他們承認人工智慧的變革力量，特別是在程式設(shè)計、教育和醫(yī)療保健等領(lǐng)域。人工智慧自動化任務(wù)和提高生產(chǎn)力的能力是不可否認的。
然而，蓋茲和奧特曼都強調(diào)，人工智慧不僅會取代工人，還會為新的、更刺激的就業(yè)機會鋪路。蓋茲指出，人工智慧可以使程式設(shè)計師的工作效率提高三倍，使他們能夠?qū)Ｗ㈧陡邔蛹壍娜蝿?wù)。奧特曼也表達了同樣的觀點，他表示人工智慧將使人們能夠「做一些性質(zhì)不同的事情」。
不斷變化的勞動力格局
採訪提出了有關(guān)勞動力未來的問題。比爾蓋茲想知道，由於機器人技術(shù)的進步，藍領(lǐng)工作是否可能面臨風(fēng)險，因為機器人有可能以人類的能力水平執(zhí)行任務(wù)。奧特曼分享了他對機器人技術(shù)的興奮，但也承認這些變化可能主要影響白領(lǐng)和創(chuàng)意工作。
討論的最發(fā)人深省的方面之一是在人工智慧處理大部分任務(wù)的世界中人類目標的挑戰(zhàn)。蓋茲表達了他對定義人類目的的擔憂，想知道當人工智慧可以處理如此多的事情時，社會將如何組織以及教育將發(fā)揮什麼作用。
奧特曼仍然保持樂觀，他聲稱，即使在人工智慧主導(dǎo)的世界中，人類總是會找到新的問題來解決，找到新的實現(xiàn)方式。他認為人工智慧的貢獻可以擴展到解決重大的人類問題和促進更好的人際關(guān)係。
比爾蓋茲談人工智慧對社會的影響
比爾蓋茲和奧特曼也討論了人工智慧對社會的更廣泛影響。他們認為人工智慧有助於減少衝突並為全球問題做出積極貢獻的可能性。奧特曼表示相信人工智慧將持續(xù)以其能力帶給人類驚喜，為社會做出有意義的貢獻。
比爾蓋茲和山姆奧爾特曼都強調(diào)了技術(shù)進步的快速步伐，這需要社會具有快速適應(yīng)的能力。他們一致認為，人工智慧的發(fā)展曲線異常陡峭，有可能超過先前的科技革命。
Sam Altman expressed confidence that AI would eventually unravel the “black box” problem, understanding how knowledge gets encoded and improving interpretability. This knowledge could lead to more efficient and accurate AI systems. Altman believes that AI will continually surprise with its capabilities, offering solutions to complex problems.
The cost of AI
Altman highlighted significant cost reductions in AI development. For instance, the cost of GPT-3 was reduced by a factor of 40. He predicted that AI’s efficiency would continue to improve as research advanced, making it more accessible and affordable for various applications.
Despite the uncertainties surrounding AI’s impact, Altman believes that we are entering an era of unprecedented productivity, driven by more efficient and capable AI models. He sees the cost of intelligence decreasing to the point where it transforms society entirely.
A paradigm shift in work
The interview revealed that AI’s influence on work is not limited to specific industries. It is expected to usher in a paradigm shift, enabling humans to think and create at higher levels of abstraction. As AI continues to evolve, new opportunities and challenges will emerge.
While robotics and automation might affect blue-collar jobs, Altman noted that AI initially posed a more significant challenge to white-collar and creative work. With advancements in both AI and robotics, the labor market is undergoing a profound transformation.
Bill Gates and Altman concurred that the swiftness of AI’s development poses challenges to society. The acceleration of technology forces humanity to adapt rapidly. Altman believes this will be the fastest technological revolution, with no upper bound in sight.
AI’s role in human relations
Both Bill Gates and Altman speculated about AI’s potential to foster better human relations and reduce conflicts. They pondered whether AI could encourage collaboration and facilitate solutions to global problems.
The interview concluded with a discussion on human purpose in an AI-dominated world. While it presents philosophical challenges, both Bill Gates and Sam Altman expressed confidence that humans would continue to find fulfillment, addressing new problems and adapting to a different reality.
Bill Gates and Sam Altman’s discussion shed light on the profound impact of AI on jobs, society, and human purpose. While acknowledging the disruptive potential of AI, they emphasized the importance of embracing change and focusing on the new and exciting opportunities it brings. As AI continues its rapid evolution, society faces the challenge of adapting to a future that is both uncertain and full of potential.
